The user covers themselves with a cloak that has a colour and pattern matching the nearby surroundings, concealing their presence by seamlessly blending in. The user can then gather intel from their position or wait for an opportunity to stage an ambush on unsuspecting targets. Although skilled ninja can make effective use of this technique, unskilled ninja can be particularly ineffective.
IRP, the cloak of invisibility technique doesn't literally require a cloak. The best way to describe it is basic shinobi camouflage. You may use it IRP in fitting situations, like covering yourself in mud and leaves, burying yourself in sand, etc.